International Journal of Modern Agricultural Sciences and Technology

Organic farming is an effective way to ensure sustainable agriculture by harnessing natural processes and biological resources. This system helps maintain soil quality, biodiversity, and ecological balance while reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Soil health, defined as the soil's ability to maintain its functionality and agricultural productivity, is a key indicator of agricultural sustainability. Organic farming in India has grown rapidly in recent decades, encompassing a variety of management systems under diverse climatic and agricultural conditions. In principle, organic farming increases soil organic matter, which improves nutrient availability, microbial diversity, and soil structure. It stabilizes crop production over the long term through biological cycles and conservation of natural resources. Various studies and case studies from India show that with proper management and adapted to local conditions, organic practices can maintain productivity at par with or even exceed conventional farming. It also includes factors such as water use efficiency, climate tolerance, and nutrient cycling, which are essential for long-term productivity and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, social and economic aspects, such as farmer awareness, training, certification, and market access, play a crucial role in the sustainable implementation of organic farming. The aim of this research is to analyze the theoretical links between organic farming and soil health and to understand how these practices impact agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability over the long term. This study provides guidance for policymakers, farmers, and researchers to maximize the benefits of organic farming.